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The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Waves and Optics

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

To describe the electromagnetic spectrum and compare the wavelengths, frequencies and uses of its waves.

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What you will learn

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Which waves make up the electromagnetic spectrum

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How to put them in order of frequency

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How wavelength changes across the spectrum

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Why all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum

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How electromagnetic waves transfer energy

Explanation

Electromagnetic waves are transverse and can travel through a vacuum at about 3 × 10⁸ m/s. From lowest to highest frequency the spectrum is radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma. Frequency increases as wavelength decreases; only the visible part is directly detected by human eyes. Example: Order visible, radio and X-rays by increasing frequency. Radio, visible, X-rays. Use the stated conditions to connect the scientific model with the observation. Justify your answer.

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