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I–V Characteristics

Electricity

I–V Characteristics

To compare the current–potential difference characteristics of resistors, filament lamps and diodes.

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What you will learn

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How the I–V graphs of components differ

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Why a fixed resistor can have a straight-line graph

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Why a filament lamp’s resistance changes

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Why a diode conducts mainly in one direction

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How to interpret the shape of an I–V graph

Explanation

An ohmic conductor has a straight-line I–V graph at constant temperature. A filament lamp’s resistance increases as its temperature rises, so its graph curves. A diode conducts readily in one direction but has a very high resistance in the reverse direction. Example: Identify a straight I–V line through the origin. It represents an ohmic conductor at constant temperature because I is proportional to V. A correct answer needs an appropriate unit as well as a numerical value. Check your reasoning.

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